Uburyo bwo gusudira intoki arc gusudira - SMAW

Shielded Metal Arc Welding (mu magambo ahinnye nka SMAW).Ihame ni: arc ikorwa hagati ya electrode isize hamwe nicyuma fatizo, nuburyo bwo gusudira ukoresheje ubushyuhe bwa arc kugirango ushonge electrode nicyuma fatizo.Igice cyo hanze cya electrode gitwikiriwe no gusudira no gushonga iyo gihuye nubushyuhe, bufite imirimo yo guhagarika arc, gukora slag, deoxidizing, no gutunganya.Kuberako bisaba ibikoresho byoroshye nibikorwa byoroshye, birashobora gusudira byoroshye gusudira byakozwe nimyanya itandukanye hamwe nibice bitandukanye mumwanya.Kubwibyo, iracyakoreshwa henshi muri iki gihe.

Igishushanyo 1: Shield Metal Arc Welding-ihuza

Intoki arc gusudira irerekanwa mumashusho:
Mbere yo gusudira, huza igihangano cyo gusudira hamwe nuduseke two gusudira ku nkingi ebyiri zimashini yo gusudira amashanyarazi hanyuma uhambire inkoni yo gusudira hamwe nuduseke.Mugihe cyo gusudira, inkoni yo gusudira hamwe nakazi kabo bahura mukanya, bagakora uruziga rugufi, hanyuma bagatandukanywa nintera runaka (hafi 2-4mm), hanyuma arc ikongoka.

Igishushanyo 2: Icyuma gikingiwe Arc Welding-inzira

Igicapo munsi ya arc gihita gishonga kugirango gikore igice cya ova cyashongeshejwe.Igikoresho cya electrode kimaze gushonga, igice cyacyo kiba gaze izengurutse arc kugirango itandukane numwuka, bityo irinde icyuma cyamazi okisijeni na azote;igice cyacyo gihinduka ibishishwa byashongeshejwe, cyangwa bigaterwa muri pisine yashongeshejwe wenyine, cyangwa bigashonga hamwe ninturusu Ibitonyanga byashongeshejwe byuma byamazi byatewe muri pisine yashongeshejwe hamwe.

Muri arc hamwe na pisine yashongeshejwe, ibyuma byamazi, slag na gaze ya arc bizahinduka muburyo bumwe na bumwe bwumubiri nubumara, nko gusohora gaze mubyuma byamazi hamwe no kugabanya okiside.Gazi na slag muri pisine yashongeshejwe bireremba kubera uburemere bwabyo.Iyo arc ikuweho, ubushyuhe buragabanuka nicyuma na slag bizakomera umwe umwe.Muri ubu buryo, ibice bibiri byicyuma byahujwe nicyuma cyashongeshejwe kandi kiringaniye.Kuberako kugabanuka kwicyapa bitandukanye nibyuma, bizanyerera hejuru yikibabi cyumupaka nimbibi zicyuma, kandi igikonoshwa gishobora kugwa mu buryo bwikora, cyangwa kugwa nyuma yo gukomanga, hamwe nicyuma gisudira hamwe nubunzani bwamafi. irashobora gushirwa ahagaragara.

Ibikoresho nyamukuru byo gusudira intoki arc ni imashini yo gusudira amashanyarazi.Imashini yo gusudira amashanyarazi nisoko yimbaraga zitanga gusudira arc, kandi hariho ubwoko bubiri bwa AC na DC.Kugeza ubu, hari ubwoko bwinshi bwimashini zo gusudira amashanyarazi zikorerwa mubushinwa, zishobora kugabanywamo imashini zo gusudira amashanyarazi AC hamwe n’imashini zo gusudira amashanyarazi DC ukurikije imiterere yabyo.

Hariho uburyo bubiri butandukanye bwo guhuza imashini zo gusudira DC.Iyo electrode ihujwe na electrode mbi kandi igihangano cyakazi gihujwe na electrode nziza, nuburyo bwiza bwo guhuza;ikinyuranyo nuburyo bwo guhuza uburyo.Mubisanzwe, iyo gusudira hamwe na alkaline nkeya-hydrogène electrode (nkaE7018, E7016), kugirango itume arc yaka neza, hateganijwe gukoresha uburyo bwa DC bwihuza;mugihe ukoresheje aside electrode (nkaE6013, J422) gusudira ibyuma byimbitse, uburyo bwo guhuza imbere bukoreshwa, kubera ko igice cya anode Ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya cathode, kandi uburyo bwo guhuza imbere bushobora kubona ubujyakuzimu bunini;mugihe cyo gusudira ibyuma byoroheje hamwe nicyuma kitari ferrous, uburyo bwo guhuza bwakoreshejwe.Iyo gusudira hamwe nubundi buryo bwo guhinduranya, kuva polarite ihinduka ukundi, nta mpamvu yo guhitamo polarite ihuza.
Ibikoresho byo gusudira byo gusudira intoki ni inkoni yo gusudira amashanyarazi, igizwe ninturusu yicyuma hamwe nigitambaro hanze yicyuma (Reba kandiIbigize electrode yo gusudira).

Intoki
Uruhare rwibyuma (gusudira) ni ugukora cyane cyane amashanyarazi no gukora icyuma cyabitswe hamwe nibintu runaka birangiye electrode.Intoki yo gusudira irashobora gukorwa mubyuma bitandukanye.Ibigize intangiriro yo gusudira bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye imiterere n'imikorere y'icyuma cyabitswe.Kubwibyo, gusudira intoki birasabwa kugabanya ibikubiye mubintu byangiza.Usibye kugabanya S na P, inkoni zimwe zo gusudira zasabye intoki zo gusudira kugenzura As, Sb, Sn nibindi bintu.

Igishushanyo 3: Tianqiao gusudira electrode E6013

Ikoti
Ipitingi ya electrode irashobora kandi kwitwa irangi.Intego nyamukuru yo kuyitwikiriza kumurongo ni koroshya imikorere yo gusudira no kwemeza ko icyuma cyabitswe gifite ibice bimwe nibikorwa.Amashanyarazi ya electrode arashobora kuvangwa nifu yifu yibikoresho nka okiside, karubone, silikate, ibinyabuzima, fluoride, ferroalloys nibicuruzwa bya chimique ukurikije igipimo runaka.Ibikoresho bitandukanye bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bikurikira ukurikije uruhare rwabo mugutwika electrode:

1. Stabilisateur ituma electrode yoroshye gutangira arc kandi irashobora gutuma arc yaka neza mugihe cyo gusudira.Ibintu byose byoroshye ionize birashobora guhagarika arc.Muri rusange, hifashishijwe ibyuma bya alkali hamwe nubutaka bwa alkaline, nka karubone ya potasiyumu, karubone ya sodium, marble, nibindi.

2. Umukozi ukora ibishishwa arashobora gukora ibishishwa bishongeshejwe hamwe nibintu bimwe na bimwe byumubiri nubumara mugihe cyo gusudira, bitwikiriye hejuru yicyuma gishongeshejwe, kurinda pisine yo gusudira no kunoza imiterere ya weld.

3. Deoxidizer ibinyujije mu miti ya metallurgiki ya chimique mugikorwa cyo gusudira kugirango igabanye umwuka wa ogisijeni mubyuma byasudutse no kunoza imiterere yubukorikori.Deoxidizers nyamukuru ni ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, na ferro-titanium.

4. Ibikoresho bitanga gaze birashobora gutandukanya no kubohora gaze hifashishijwe ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa arc kugirango irinde arc na pisine yashongeshejwe kandi irinde kwinjiza ogisijeni na azote mu kirere gikikije.

5. Imiti ivanga ikoreshwa mu kwishyura indishyi zo gutwika ibintu bivanze no guhinduranya ibintu bivangwa na weld mugihe cyo gusudira kugirango ibyuma bisudira bibone imiti ikenewe hamwe nibikorwa.

6. Plastisike ya Lubricant Ongera plastike, kunyerera hamwe nubworoherane bwifu yifu mugikorwa cyo gukanda inkoni yo gusudira kugirango uzamure ubwiza bwinkoni yo gusudira no kugabanya eccentricité.

7. Ibifatika Kora ifu yo gutwikisha igira ubwiza runaka mugihe cyo gutwikisha compression, irashobora guhuza neza ningingo yo gusudira, kandi bigatuma inkoni yo gusudira igira imbaraga runaka nyuma yo gukama.

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